PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 1
Discussion
DQ1 Review the levels of measurement terms in the Statistics
Visual Learner media piece. Compare and contrast Stevens’s four scales of
measurement, and explain when each type of scale should be used.
DQ2 The professor teaching a large introductory class gives
a final exam that has alternate forms, A, B, and C. A student taking the exam
using Form B is upset because she claims that Form B is much harder than Forms
A and C. Discuss how percentile point data might be useful to determine if the
student is correct.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 2
Discussion
DQ1 The process of random sampling guarantees that the
sample selected will be representative of the population. Is this statement
true? Discuss.
DQ2 Review the video on Normal Distribution in the
Calculations section of the “Statistics Visual Learner” media piece.
Bob compares his SAT Verbal score of 400 to Marge’s ACT
Verbal score of 20. “I beat you,” he exclaims. “My score is 20
times your score!” Although his multiplication is good, his logic is
faulty. Explain why.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 3
Discussion
DQ1 Review the video “Linear Correlation” in the
Calculations section of the “Statistics Visual Learner” media piece.
It is sometimes said that the higher the correlation between
two variables, the more likely the relationship is causal. Do you think this is
correct? Discuss.
DQ2 Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of correlational
and regression studies; discuss concepts such as positive and negative
correlations, correlation coefficients, confounding, and causality.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 4
Discussion
DQ1 Explain why there is an inverse relationship between
committing a Type I error and committing a Type II error. What is the best way
to reduce both kinds of error?
DQ2 Review the term Significance Test in the
“Statistics Visual Learner” media piece.
When a newspaper or magazine article reports the results of
a study and draws a conclusion without also reporting whether the results are
statistically significant, what are the possible reasons for doing so? How
seriously should you take the conclusion offered in such a study? Discuss.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 5
Discussion
DQ1 Explain why using the t statistic may be an appropriate
alternative to using a z-score (use the concept of estimated standard error to
justify your answer).
DQ2 Discuss how the t-test for correlated groups and the
t-test for single samples are alike and different.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 6
Discussion
DQ1 Review the four “ANOVA” videos in the
Calculations section of the “Statistics Visual Learner” media piece.
Explain the major differences between analyzing a one-way
ANOVA versus a two-factor ANOVA, and explain why factorial designs with two or
more independent variables (or factors) can become very difficult to interpret.
DQ2 Explain how the ANOVA technique avoids the problem of
the inflated probability of making Type I error that would arise using the
alternative method of comparing groups two at a time using the t-test for
independent groups.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 7
Discussion
DQ1 Review the three “Non-parametric” test videos
in the Calculations section of the “Statistics Visual Learner” media
piece.
A researcher is examining preferences among four new flavors
of ice cream. A sample of n = 80 people is obtained. Each person tastes all
four flavors and then picks a favorite. The distribution of preferences is as
follows. Do these data indicate any significance preferences among the four
flavors? Test at the .05 level of significance.
|
Ice
Cream Flavor
|
|
A
|
B
|
C
|
D
|
|
12
|
18
|
28
|
22
|
DQ2 Is it true that parametric tests are generally more
powerful than nonparametric tests? If so, give two reasons why you might choose
to use a nonparametric test instead of a parametric test.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 8
Discussion
DQ1 To determine whether a new sleeping pill has an effect
that varies with dosage, a researcher randomly assigns adult insomniacs, in
equal numbers, to receive either 4 or 8 grams of the sleeping pill. The amount
of sleeping time is measured for each subject during an 8-hour period after the
administration of the dosage. What type of design is this, and what type of
statistic is needed to analyze the data?
DQ2 Dr. Bill Board designs a 2 X 2 between-subjects
factorial design, where Factor A is word frequency (low or high) and Factor B
is category cues (no cues or cues). Assume that the data are interval. What
type of statistic is needed to analyze the data?
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 1 Exercises
Complete the following exercises from “Review
Questions” located at the end of each chapter and put them into a Word
document to be submitted as directed by the instructor.
Chapter 1, numbers 1.8 and 1.9
Chapter 2, numbers 2.14, 2.17, and 2.18
Chapter 3, numbers 3.13, 3.14, 3.18, and 3.19
Chapter 4, numbers 4.9, 4.14, 4.17, and 4.19
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft
Word when necessary.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 2 Exercises
Complete the following exercises located at the end of each
chapter and put them into a Word document to be submitted as directed by the
instructor.
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft
Word when necessary.
Chapter 5, numbers 5.11, 5.13, 5.15, and 5.18
Chapter 8, numbers 8.10, 8.14, 8.16, 8.19, and 8.21
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 3 Exercises
Complete the following exercises located at the end of each
chapter and put them into a Word document to be submitted as directed by the
instructor.
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft
Word when necessary.
Chapter 6, numbers 6.7, 6.10, and 6.11
Chapter 7, numbers 7.8, 7.10, and 7.13
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 4 Exercises
Complete the following exercises located at the end of each
chapter and put them into a Word document to be submitted as directed by the
instructor.
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft
Word when necessary.
Chapter 9, numbers 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 9.13, and 9.14
Chapter 10, numbers 10.9, 10.10, 10.11, and 10.12
Chapter 11, numbers 11.11, 11.19, and 11.20
Chapter 12, numbers 12.7, 12.8, and 12.10
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 5 Exercises
Complete the following exercises located at the end of each
chapter and put them into a Word document to be submitted as directed by the
instructor.
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft
Word when necessary.
Chapter 13, numbers 13.6, 13.8, 13.9, and 13.10
Chapter 14, numbers 14.11, 14.12, and 14.14
Chapter 15, numbers 15.7, 15.8, 15.10 and 15.14
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 6 Exercises
Complete the following exercises located at the end of each
chapter and put them into a Word document to be submitted as directed by the
instructor.
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft
Word when necessary.
Chapter 16, numbers 16.9, 16.10, 16.12 and 16.14
Chapter 17, numbers 17.6, 17.7, and 17.8
Chapter 18, numbers 18.8, 18.11, and 18.12
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 7 Exercises
Complete the following exercises located at the end of each
chapter and put them into a Word document to be submitted as directed by the
instructor.
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft
Word when necessary.
Chapter 19, numbers 19.9, 19.10, 19.13, 19.14, and 19.16
Chapter 20, numbers 20.5, 20.6, 20.7, and 20.10
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 8 Exercises
Complete the following exercises located at the end of each
chapter and put them into a Word document to be submitted as directed by the
instructor.
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft
Word when necessary.
Chapter 21, numbers 21.4, 21.7, 21.8, 21.12 thru 21.21
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 1 Assignment
Use the attached document ?Descriptive Statistic Project? to
complete the assignment.
While APA format is not required for the body of this
assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources
should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the
APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
PSY-520 Graduate Statistics
Topic 1 ? Descriptive Statistics Project
Directions: Use the following information to complete the
questions below. While APA format is not required for the body of this
assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources
should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the
APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
A researcher was interested in the anxiety present in
students just prior to the midterm exam. The research used an anxiety self-quiz
to gage the student?s anxiety. The score for 30 students are given here.
69 99 91 66 70 98 70 53 40 58
61 66 94 77 70 56 88 85 86 40
84 86 54 48 86 43 78 53 79 89
1. Construct
a frequency table with class, frequency, relative percent, and cumulative percent
that has 6 classes to describe the distribution of the data in SPSS.
2. Use the
frequency table created in problem to construct a histogram in SPSS.
3. Use SPSS
to calculate the numerical descriptive statistics mean, median, standard
deviation, and variance of the anxiety scores.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 3 Assignment
Probability Project
Use the document ?Probability Project? to complete the
assignment.
While APA format is not required for the body of this
assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources
should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the
APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
Directions: Use the following information to complete the
assignment. While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment,
solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be
presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style
Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
There are many misconceptions about probability which may
include the following.
? All
events are equally likely
? Later
events may be affected by or compensate for earlier ones
? When
determining probability from statistical data, sample size is irrelevant
? Results
of games of skill are unaffected by the nature of the participants
? ?Lucky/Unlucky?
numbers can influence random events
? In random
event involving selection, results are dependent on number rather than rations
? If events
are random then the results of a series of independent events are equally
likely
The following statements are all incorrect. Explain the
statements and the errors fully using the probability rules discussed in topic
two.
1. I have
flipped and unbiased coin three times and got heads, it is more likely to get
tails the next time I flip it.
2. The
Rovers play Mustangs. The Rovers can win, loose, or draw, so the probability
that they win is 1/3.
3. I roll
two dice and ad the results. The probability of getting a total of 6 is 1/12
because there are 12 different possibilities and 6 is one of them.
4. Mr.
Purple has to have a major operation. 90% of the people who have this operation
make a complete recovery. There is a 90% chance that Mr. Purple will make a
complete recovery if he has this operation.
5. I flip
two coins. The probability of getting heads and tails is 1/3 because I can get
Heads and Heads, Heads and Tails, or Tails and Tails.
6. 13 is an
unlucky number so you are less likely to win raffles with ticket number 13 than
with a different dumber.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 5 Assignment
Benchmark ? Correlation and Regression
Use the attached document ?Correlation and Regression? to
complete the assignment.
While APA format is not required for the body of this
assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources
should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the
APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This benchmark assignment assesses the following
programmatic competencies: 3.1 Interpret psychological phenomena using
scientific reasoning.
Directions: Use the following information to complete the
questions below. While APA format is not required for the body of this
assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources
should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the
APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
1. Select at
least three variables that you believe have a linear relationship.
a. Specify
which variable is dependent and which are independent.
2. Collect
the data for these variables and describe your data collection technique and
why it was appropriate as well as why the sample size was best.
a. Submit
the data collected by submitting the SPSS data file with your submission.
3. Find the
Correlation coefficient for each of the possible pairings of dependent and
independent variables and describe the relationship in terms of strength and
direction.
4. Find a
linear model of the relationship between the three (or more) variables of
interest.
5. Explain
the validity of the model.
PSY520 Graduate
Statistics
Week 7 Assignment
MANOVA Project
Directions: Use the following information to complete the
assignment. While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment,
solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be
presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style
Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
A researcher randomly assigns 33 subjects to one of three
groups. Group 1 receives technical dietary information interactively from an
on-line website. Group 2 receives the same information from a nurse
practitioner, while Group 3 receives the information from a video tape made by
the same nurse practitioner.
The researcher looked at three different ratings of the
presentation; difficulty, usefulness, and importance to determine if there is a
difference in the modes of presentation. In particular, the researcher is
interested in whether the interactive website is superior because that is the
most cost-effective way of delivering the information.
Group Usefulness Difficulty Importance
1 20 5 18
1 25 9 8
1 23 15 20
1 16 9 22
1 20 6 22
1 28 14 8
1 20 6 13
1 25 8 13
1 24 10 24
1 18 10 20
1 17 9 4
2 28 7 14
2 25 14 5
2 26 9 20
2 19 15 22
2 29 14 12
2 15 6 2
2 29 10 5
2 26 11 1
2 22 5 2
2 15 15 14
2 29 6 4
2 15 6 3
3 22 8 12
3 27 9 14
3 21 10 7
3 17 9 1
3 16 7 12
3 19 9 7
3 23 10 1
3 27 9 5
3 23 9 6
3 16 14 22
1. Run the
appropriate analysis of the data and interpret the results.
2. How could
this study have been done differently? Why or why not would this approach be
better?
PSY520
Graduate Statistics
Week 8 Assignment
Research Question Project
In 1,250-1,500 words, answer the following questions about
possible research options.
Create a research question in the field of psychology that
you are interested in researching. Write questions clearly. Include a brief
background of the problem you are proposing and why it is important to the
field of psychology.
State the null and alternative hypothesis (in both words and
statistical notation) need to address the research question.
Choose which statistical test would be used to conduct the
study and support it with research.
Describe the type of data needs to be collected to conduct
the study and what techniques are best for collecting data.
Use three to five scholarly resources to support your
explanations.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in
the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not
required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric
prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for
successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.
Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.