NURS-6541 Primary
Care Adolescnt & Child
Week 6
Discussion
Diagnosis and Management of Respiratory, Cardiovascular, and
Genetic Disorders
Discussion board posting assignments are assigned
alphabetically by FIRST NAME to ensure all cases are covered and discussed.
Case Study 1: A-F
Case Study 2: G-M
Case Study 3: N-T
Case Study 4: U-Z
Case Study 1:
HPI: A 14-month-old brought Native American boy by his mom
due to cough, low grade fever and runny nose for the past 2 days. This morning,
the mother noted that her son was breathing quickly and ?it sounds like she has
rice cereal popping in her throat.? Mom is worried because her son seems to
have a lot of ?bouts of colds?. Per mom, his oral intake is decreased. He didn?t
want to eat this morning.
PE: Smiling, alert Caucasian boy.
VS: Temp of 99.9, pulse 112, resp. 42 reveals the following:
respiratory rate is 58 HEENT: There is moderate, thick, clear rhinorrhea and
postnasal drip.
CV: Her capillary refill is less than 3 seconds
PULM: lung sounds are diminished in the bases, she has
pronounced intercostal and subcostal retractions, expiratory wheezes are heard
in all lung fields.
Case Study 2:
HPI: Brian is a 14-year-old known asthmatic with a 2-day
history of worsening cough and shortness of breath. He reports using every 3-4
hours over the previous 24 hours. He has a long-acting inhaled corticosteroid.
He can?t recall which one. He said he ran out a few weeks ago and has not had
time to obtain a refill. He denies cigarette smoking, but his clothing smells
like smoke.
PE: Patient is sitting by himself. His parents are in the
room during the visit. No purse lip breathing noted. Occasional nonproductive
coughing during the interview.
PULM: You note prolonged expiration and expiratory wheezes
in all lung fields. There are no signs of dyspnea.
Case Study 3:
HPI: A father brought his 7-year-old with a 3-day history of
cough. Dad states that his son is coughing up yellow mucus. The boy is afebrile
and is sleeping through the night, but the father?s sleep is disturbed
listening to his son coughing. Dad says he thinks his son has bronchitis and is
requesting treatment.
PE: VS: respiratory rate 18,
HEENT: there is no cervical adenopathy, nasal turbinates are
slightly enlarged, and there is moderate clear rhinorrhea.
PULM: lungs are clear to auscultation, patient is able to
take deep breaths without coughing.
Case Study 4
HPI: Miguel is a Latino 15-year-old male who presents for a
sports physical. He is a healthy adolescent with no complaints. He plays
basketball.
PE: He is 6 feet 5 inches tall and weighs 198 pounds.
MS: You note long arms and long thin fingers. He has joint
laxity in his wrists, shoulders, and elbows.
Case Study 5:
HPI: Trina?s mother is concern that her daughter is a picky
eater and refuses to eat fruits and vegetables. Her physical activity includes
soccer practice for 1 hour a week with one game each weekend from September
through November.
FMH: negative for myocardial infarction, but both parents
take medication for dyslipidemia.
PE: Trina is a Native American 10-year-old female very
engaging when answering questions. Vital signs are as follows: BP 122/79, P 98,
R 20. Wt. 110, Ht. 4?11
Case Study 6:
HPI: You see a 2-month-old for a well-child visit. She is
breastfed and nurses every 2 to 3 hours during the day, but her mother reports
she is not nursing as vigorously as before. She sleeps one 4-hour block at
night. PMH: Birth weight was 7 pounds 5 ounces. Weight gain over the last 2
weeks reveals gain of 5 ounces per week.
PE: Fussy two-month-old Chinese infant.
PULM: lung sounds are clear
CV: a new III/VI systolic ejection murmur is noted along the
left lower sternal border, cap refill is brisk, skin is pink and moist.
ABD: bowel sounds noted in all quadrants.
To prepare:
Review ?Respiratory Disorders,? ?Cardiovascular Disorders,?
and ?Genetic Disorders? in the Burns et al. text.
Review and select one of the six provided case studies.
Analyze the patient information.
Consider a differential diagnosis for the patient in the
case study you selected. Think about the most likely diagnosis for the patient.
Think about a treatment and management plan for the patient.
Be sure to consider appropriate dosages for any recommended pharmacologic
and/or non-pharmacologic treatments.
Consider strategies for educating patients and families on
the treatment and management of the respiratory disorder.
By Day 3
Post an analysis of your assigned case by using the
following:
What additional questions will you ask?
Has the case addressed the LOCATES mnemonic? If not, what
else do you need to ask? What additional history will you need? (Think FMH,
allergies, meds, and so forth that might be pertinent in arriving to your
differential diagnoses)
What additional examinations or diagnostic tests, if any
will you conduct?
What are your differential diagnoses? What historical and
physical exam
features support your rationales? Provide at least 3
differentials.
What is your most likely diagnosis and why?
How will you treat this child?
Provide medication treatment and symptomatic care.
Provide correct medication dosage. Use the knowledge you
learned from this week’s and previous weeks’ readings as well as what you have
learned from pharmacology to help you with this area.
Patient Education, Health Promotion & Anticipatory
guidance:
Explain strategies for educating parents on their child?s
disorder and reducing any concerns/fears presented in the case study.
Include any socio-cultural barriers that might impact the
treatment and management plans.
Health Promotion:
What immunizations should this child have had?
Based on the child?s age, when is the next well visit?
At the next well visit, what are the next set of
immunizations?
What additional anticipatory guidance should be provided
today?
Read a selection of your colleagues? responses.
By Day 6
Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different
days in both of the ways listed below. Respond to a colleague who chose one of
the first three case studies and a second colleague who chose one of the last
three case studies. Choose colleagues who selected a different case study than
you did.
Explain how culture might impact the diagnosis, management,
and follow-up care of patients with the respiratory, cardiovascular, and/or
genetic disorders your colleagues discussed.
Based on your personal and/or professional experiences,
expand on your colleagues? postings by providing additional insights or
different perspectives.